References

1. Abrahamson, C.E. (1998). Issues in interactive communication in distance education. College Student Journal 32(1), 33 – 43.
2. Abrami, P.C., and Bures, E.M. (1996). Computer-supported collaborative learning and distance education. American Journal of Distance Education 10(1), 37 – 42.
3. Anton, M. (1999). The discourse of a learner-centered classroom: Sociocultural perspectives on teacher-learner interaction in the second-language classroom. The Modern Language Journal 83(5), 303 – 318.
4. Bennett, S., Priest, A., and Macpherson, C. (1999). Learning about online learning: An approach to staff development for university teachers. Australian Journal of Educational Technology 15(3), 207 – 221.
5. Besser, H., and Donahue, S. (1996). Perspectives on... Distance independent education: Introduction and overview. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 47(11), 801 – 804.
6. Booher, R.K., and Seiler, W.J. (1982). Speech communication anxiety: An impediment to academic achievement in the university classroom. Journal of Classroom Interaction 18(1), 23 – 27.
7. Brawer, F.B. (1996). Retention-attrition in the nineties. ERIC: ED393510. Los Angeles, CA.: ERIC Clearinghouse for Community Colleges.
8. Brookfield, D. (1986). Understanding and facilitating adult learning. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
9. Brown, K.M. (1996). The role of internal and external factors in the discontinuation of offcampus students. Distance Education 17(1), 44 – 71.
10. Burak, L. (1993). Independent activities teach skills for lifelong learning. Journal of Health Education 24(5), pp. 376-378.
11. Carr, S. (2000). As distance education comes of age, the challenge is keeping the students. The Chronicle of Higher Education, February 11, P. A39.
12. Cohen, N.H. (1995). Mentoring Adult Learners: A guide for educators and trainers. Malabar, FL.: Krieger.
13. DeVries, J., and Wheeler, C. (1996). The interactivity component of distance learning implemented in an art studio class. Education Journal. Retrieved February 10, 2003 from: http://www2.uiah.fi/~jdevries/intcomp.htm
14. Dunlap, J.C., and Grabinger, R.S. (2003). Preparing Students for Lifelong Learning: A review of instructional features and teaching methodologies. Manuscript submitted for publication.
15. ERIC. (1984). Assessing the student attrition problem. ERIC: ED287522. Los Angeles, CA.: ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges.
16. Feasley, C.E. (1983). Serving Learners at a Distance: A guide to program practice (ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Research 5). Washington, D.C.: Association for the Study of Higher Education.
17. Greenfield, P.M. (1984). A theory of the teacher in the learning activities of everyday life. In B. Rogoff and J. Lave (Eds.) Everyday Cognition: Its development in social context. (P. 117138).Cambridge,
18. Harasim, L., Hiltz, S.R., Teles, L., and Turoff, M. (1995). Learning Networks: A Field Guide to Teaching and Learning Online. Cambridge, MA.: The MIT Press.
19. Hezel, R.T., and Dirr, P.J. (1991). Barriers that lead students to take television-based college courses. TechTrends 36(3), 33 – 35.
20. Hill, J.R. (1999). Learning about Distance Education at a Distance: Rewards and challenges. Paper presented at American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada, April 19-23.
21. Hill, J.R., Rezabek, L.R., and Murry, B. (1998). Web-based Instruction: Prospects and challenges. ERIC. ED 414 777.
22. Kerka, S. (1994). Self-directed learning. Myths and realities. Columbus: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education. ERIC. ED 365 818.
23. Kerka, S. (1995). Adult learner retention revisited. Columbus: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education. (ED 166). Retrieved February 20, 2003 from: http://ericacve.org/docgen.asp?tbl=archive & ID=A002
24. Kerka, S. (1999). Self-Directed Learning. Myths and Realities No. 3. Columbus: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education. Retrieved February 10, 2003 from: http://ericacve.org/docgen.asp?tbl=mr & ID=94
25. Knowles, M.S. (1975). Self-Directed Learners: A guide for learners and teachers. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
26. Knowles, M.S. (1990). Fostering competence in self-directed learning. In R.M. Smith (Ed.) Learning to learn across the lifespan. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 123 – 136.
27. Krauth, B., and Carbajal, J. (1999). Guide to developing online student services. Retrieved June 15, 2002 from: http://www.wiche.edu/telecom/resources/publications/guide/guide.htm
28. Lave, J., and Wenger, E. (1991). Situated Learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge, UK.: Cambridge University Press.
29. Long, H.B. (1994). Challenging some myths about self-directed learning. In H.B. Long and Associates (Eds.) New ideas about self-directed learning (P. 1-14). Norman, OK.:
30. Martinez, M. (2000). Successful mentoring, coaching, and guiding relationships from a wholeperson approach. In J.A. Woods and J.W. Cortada (Eds.) The 2001 ASTD Training and Performance Yearbook (P. 283-290). Columbus, OH.: McGraw-Hill.
31. Maslow, A. (1987). Motivation and personality (3rd ed). New York: Harper& Row.
32. McLoughlin, C., and Marshall, L. (2000). Scaffolding: A model for learner support in an online teaching environment. Retrieved February 10, 2003 from: http://cea.curtin.edu.au/tlf/tlf2000/mcloughlin2.html
33. Moore, M., and Kearsley, G. (1996). Distance Education: A systems view. Belmont, CA.: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
34. Noel, L., and Levitz, R. (2000). Are college students satisfied? Retrieved June 6, 2002 from: http://www.noellevitz.com/pdfs/Report.pdf
35. Palincsar, A.S. (1986). The role of dialogue in providing scaffolded instruction. Educational Psychologist, 21, 73 – 98.
36. Parker, A. (1999). A study of variables that predict dropout from distance education. Retrieved September 15, 2001 from: http://www.outreach.uiuc.edu/ijet/v1n2/parker Paulet, R.O. (1988). Factors influencing successful counseling in selected distance education programs. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 21(3), 60 – 64.
37. Piskurich, G.M. (2002). Preparing learners for online learning. Retrieved February 10, 2003 from: http://www.amanet.org/training_zone/archive/hotzone_jan2002_02.htm
38. Rahm, D., and Reed, B.J. (1998). Tangled Webs in Public Administration: Organizational issues in distance learning. Public Administration and Management: An Interactive Journal, 3(1). Retrieved February 10, 2003 from: http://www.pamij.com/rahm.html
39. Ritchie, H., and Newby, T.J. (1989) Classroom lecture discussion vs. Live televised instruction: A comparison of effects on student performance, attitude and interaction. The American Journal of Distance Education, 2, 36 – 43.
40. Rosenshine, B., and Meister, C. (1992). The use of scaffolds for teaching higher-level cognitive strategies. Educational Leadership, 49(7), 26 – 33.
41. Saba, F. (1998). Enabling the Distance Learner: A strategy for success. Distance Education Report. Retrieved February 10, 2003: http://distance-educator.com/Editorial_1.2.html
42. Shea, G.F. (1997). Mentoring. Menlo Park, CA.: Crisp Publications.
43. Stacey, E. (1999). Collaborative learning in an online environment. Journal of Distance Education, 14(2), 14 – 33. Retrieved February 10, 2003 from: http://cade.icaap.org/vol14.2/stacey.html
44. Tait, A. (2000). Planning student support for open and distance learning. Open Learning, 15(3), 287 – 299.
45. The Training Place. (2001). Learning Orientation Questionnaire: Measuring online learning ability. Retrieved February 21, 2003 from: http://www.trainingplace.com
46. Thompson, G. (1989). The Provision of Student-support Services in Distance Education: Do we know what they need? In R. Sweet (Ed.) Post-secondary distance education in Canada: Policies, practices, and priorities. Athabasca, AB.: Athabasca University.
47. Thompson, G. (1990). How can correspondence-based distance education be improved? A survey of attitudes of students who are not well disposed toward correspondence study. Journal of Distance Education, 5(1), 53 – 65.
48. Thorpe, M. (2001). Rethinking Learner Support: the challenge of collaborative online learning. SCROLLA Symposium on Informing Practice in Networked Learning. Glasgow, Scotland. Retrieved February 10, 2003 from: http://www.scrolla.ac.uk/papers/s1/thorpe_paper.html
49. Tinto, V. (1975). Dropout from Higher Education: A theoretical synthesis of recent research. Review of Educational Research, 45(1), 89 – 125.
50. Tinto, V. (1997). Classrooms as communities: Exploring the educational character of student persistence. Journal of Higher Education, 68, 599 – 623.
51. Vygotsky, L.S. (1978). Mind in Society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press.
52. Wayland, J.P., Swift, C.O. And Wilson, J.W. (1994). Student attitudes toward distance learning. In B. Engelland and A.J. Bush (Eds.) Marketing: Advances in theory and thought (P. 296-299). Southern Marketing Association, November. New Orleans, LA.
53. Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge, UK.: Cambridge University Press.
54. Wood, D., Bruner, J.S., and Ross, G. (1976). The role of tutoring in problem solving. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 17, 89 – 100.

Cited By

• Head of gold, feet of clay: The online learning paradox

  Thomas Power & Anthony Morven-Gould, Laval University

  The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning Vol. 12, No. 2 (Jan 22, 2011) pp. 19–39

• Recognizing an Ethic of Care in the Instructional Design Process

  Kari Rasmussen, Grant MacEwan University, Canada

  EdMedia + Innovate Learning 2013 (Jun 24, 2013) pp. 2232–2238

• Bounded Community: Designing and Facilitating Learning Communities in Formal Courses

  Brent Wilson, Stacey Ludwig-Hardman, Christine Thornam & Joanna Dunlap

  The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning Vol. 5, No. 3 (Nov 01, 2004)

• What is the affect of an online orientation course on student satisfaction?

  Mark Kelso, MK Company, United States

  Global TIME 2011 (Feb 22, 2011) pp. 406–419

• Motivational Challenges of Adult Learners in Self-Directed e-Learning

  Kyong-Jee Kim, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Korea (South)

  Journal of Interactive Learning Research Vol. 20, No. 3 (July 2009) pp. 317–335

• Synthesis of the Process of Learning through Discourse in a Formal Virtual Learning Community

  Ben K. Daniel, University of Saskatchewan, Canada; Richard A. Schwier, University of Saskatchewan, Canada; Heather M. Ross, University of Saskatchewan, Canada

  Journal of Interactive Learning Research Vol. 18, No. 4 (October 2007) pp. 461–477

• Challenging Preconceptions about Science Teaching and Learning in an Online Environment

  Mary Anne Ramirez & Heather Dodds, Western Governors University, United States

  Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference 2006 (Mar 19, 2006) pp. 4046–4051

• Social Strategies for Engaging Online Learners

  Trinity Ryan & Katica Jacob, University of Colorado, United States

  E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2004 (2004) pp. 1449–1452

These links are based on references which have been extracted automatically and may have some errors. If you see a mistake, please contact info@learntechlib.org.

Links

• Full Text (external link)